Asian culture is increasingly penetrating into modern European society. Some people do not quite understand what bonsai is. This is not a special dwarf tree, but a plant that has been grown in a certain way.
Special representatives
This type of gardening has a long history. His homeland is China and India. Bonsai appeared in Japan in the 6th century, and wandering monks brought this art. Gradually, 15 styles were developed that made it possible to turn trees into beautiful miniatures.
Real masters perceive the technique of creating bonsai as an opportunity to create something unique and emphasize the beauty of nature. They can be grown not only from indoor plants, but also from garden plants.
Not everyone can master the art of creating dwarf compositions
Important! Before creating a composition, a person must have a good idea of the final result.
Bonsai is an art that requires a special approach. The trunk and branches create a special charm that enlivens the miniature. The tree has strict quality requirements.
Japanese culture
In the Land of the Rising Sun, bonsai became popular in the Tokugawa era. Then the rich people sought to create beautiful parks, and the monks - gardens. The followers of Buddha believed that through plants they create new worlds.
Therefore, growing a bonsai, a person joined the god or became rich. In Japan, such trees are in great demand. Pots with them are placed in rooms and in the garden.
Tourists do not always understand what a real bonsai in Japan is. In the Land of the Rising Sun, this is a real art that is subject only to true masters. In cities, such dwarf trees allow you to save a piece of nature in miniature apartments.
The most expensive instance
Bonsai is a Japanese art, but it is available only to rich people. Each instance has to spend a large amount of time. The record in this area belongs to the tree, which was sold at auction for $ 1.3 million.
Note! Street bonsai was several hundred years old. During this time, its trunk curiously bent, and the crown branched beautifully.
Old bonsai
In addition to bonsai, which is the most expensive, there are also specimens that differ in impressive age. The record holder in this field is already 800 years old. The trunk is very thick and wonderfully intertwined, and the crown spreads beautifully.
Among the dwarf trees, there are unusual representatives. One master was able to grow wisteria, which blooms beautifully. Another person not only raised a wonderful bonsai, but also created a composition for him in the form of a house for the Hobbit.
One of the most famous masters who creates street bonsai - M. Kimura.
An example of a composition by a famous author
From Japanese, the word "bonsai" is translated as "grown in a tray." In the Land of the Rising Sun, dwarf trees are grown for apartments. Because of the flat root system, they need wide, low pots. The pallet also becomes part of the composition.
It is not necessary to know how the word "bonsai" is translated. It is important to understand how to create a composition and what to consider.
Bonsai for beginners
Dwarf trees are of great importance for connoisseurs of oriental culture. Before you start creating a bonsai, you need to study all the features of this art.
Note! There are many books, workshops and lessons on growing miniature plants.
Bonsai for a beginner is not such a simple matter. It is necessary to adhere to certain rules, take care of the tree and trim in time. You need to understand how the basic terms are translated.
The definition of "nebari" is easily found in the literature. This word means "tree roots" that protrude above the ground. "Edabari" is a certain distribution of branches along the trunk.
Leaves should be small and form a dense crown. It is not so easy to take care of such a plant, since mistakes can ruin the image of a tree.
Sample literature
A large number of books have been translated into Russian on how to create conditions for growing bonsai and what to look for when creating a composition.
A. de la Paz created the Great Atlas Bonsai. The book contains detailed information about the technology of creating dwarf trees for the home and garden. A large number of color illustrations will help the beginner to understand everything correctly.
M. Kawasumi wrote the book "Bonsai Secrets." It contains detailed workshops on how to form the composition and image of a plant. There is information about the features of several styles and maintaining the crown.
Step-by-step instructions are in the book of M. Zgurskaya "Bonsai. Indoor Floriculture". The author gives detailed comments on how to create dwarf trees.
Literature on the topic allows you to better understand exactly how the formation of such an unusual plant occurs, what conditions need to be created and how to maintain them.
Set of tools
Before learning about bonsai what it means and how to create it, a person will need to prepare certain materials. First you need to find the right capacity. It is desirable that it be ceramic, since such a pot is stable.
For work, it is better to choose only reliable and high-quality tools
Growing a dwarf tree requires serious preparation. You need to stock up on wire, a plastic net, a hoe, big tweezers, a spray gun and a watering can. A sharp knife and secateurs will help to quickly and accurately trim the crown and roots. It is necessary to do this on a regular basis, since timely correction allows the tree to form correctly.
Walkthroughs will help a beginner build their work properly. In such an art you can’t rush.
Basic styles
Bonsai flower can be presented in different forms. Traditional styles vary in crown shape. For example, with a straight line, there is one trunk, and with an informal one, two or three. Sometimes the trunk can be doubled and united by a common crown.
Nivaki-style bonsai requires a particularly complex formation. For him, only three branches and four at the top are left on one tier. Instructions and visuals help you understand how to trim. Detailed workshops contain information about all stages of work.
Important! Before you follow any style, it is worth exploring all its features.
In the open ground, you can use garden trees - cherry or apple tree. In size, you can strive for both dwarf specimens and large ones.
The oldest bonsai in the world is not only distinguished by age, but also by its bizarre curved trunk shape. Therefore, the master may not limit his imagination and create what he considers necessary.
At home, you can make an artificial rock for the plant or something similar to it. This will give a special atmosphere to the composition.
Preparation technique
Garden bonsai in Russia can be grown under various conditions. Spirea, lilac, pear and shrimp are best suited for the country's climate. They grow well, and pruning has a beneficial effect on them.
You can also make a dwarf tree from juniper. A similar instance can grow well in room conditions. The evergreen coniferous plant is not so sensitive to errors during leaving.
Pine trees also make good dwarf trees for the garden. It is important to correctly form the crown and trunk, which will create a spectacular plant.
Note! If you want to see flowering, it is better to choose almonds or cherries. They grow easily and tolerate pruning. Barberry is also suitable.
For home use ficuses with small leaves. They are easy to find on sale and do not require special care.
Preparing for planting
If the goal is to get a copy from the seeds, the seed is pre-prepared. To do this, it is soaked in a weak solution of manganese for a day, after which large seeds are selected and planted in the ground.
After the seedling has grown enough, it is taken out of the ground and the roots are cut by a third. Place the cut sprinkled with crushed coal. It is advisable to immediately determine the shape of the crown and remove excess branches.
Manipulation with the roots is carried out once a year, with the crown as necessary. You need to be patient right away, since it takes a lot of time to create a dwarf tree.
Garden bonsai
Even in the usual suburban area, you can create an ordinary Japanese composition. To do this, you first need to decide which seedling will serve as the material.
Important! You need to start forming a dwarf tree on young seedlings.
Bonsai in the gardens are made from coniferous or deciduous specimens. For this, pinching of young shoots is carried out, which will allow to achieve better plant growth.
To change the growth of shoots, the branches are fixed with a wire at the desired angle. Secateurs constantly cut excess vegetation.
Any person can make a bonsai from a thuja with his own hands. To do this, it is enough for him to determine the style of the tree. The trunk is wrapped with wire and branches are fixed to it so that they grow in a certain direction.
Presentations of finished trees of miniature size will help determine the desired result. Do not rush and strive to immediately get the right image.
Any bonsai takes time to form a crown correctly
The most difficult thing is to make a beautifully blooming bonsai, since it is necessary to correctly trim the branches. If lilac is chosen for experiments, then you should know in advance how to properly stimulate the flowering of a tree and increase the number of clusters with flowers.
If a person does not know what a bonsai is, where to start a beginner, you should first study the special literature. In it he will find answers to all questions on the topic. Only then can you start creating miniature trees. Bonsai can have beautiful flowers that will decorate any garden. But to create the final image will take a lot of time.
